Interview with an airborne veteran. Airborne hand-to-hand combat Russian training videos on hand-to-hand combat for the Airborne Forces

This article is for informational purposes and provides an opportunity to get acquainted with two points of view (Chechen and Russian side) on the battle of paratroopers of the 6th company of the 104th regiment of the 76th Airborne Forces and Chechen militants under the command of and.

Version of the battle near Ulus-Kert from the Chechen side:

At the end of February and beginning of March, there is another anniversary of the famous battle near Ulus-Kert, during which the Mujahideen destroyed Russian infidel paratroopers from Pskov.

Despite the fact that the Kremlin’s propaganda about this battle has been repeatedly refuted by the Chechen side, Moscow is still trying to push lies into the public consciousness of the average person and impose its interpretation of that unprecedented battle in which the Mujahideen, exhausted by a 2-week winter march, completely defeated an elite unit of Russian troops .

10 years ago, on February 29, 2000, near Ulus-Kert, a fierce battle took place between a selected detachment of invaders and a unit of Chechen Mujahideen. 70 volunteer fighters stormed the height on which there was a company of those same Pskov paratroopers who, as Russian propaganda lies, allegedly “restrained the onslaught of 2 thousand militants.”

1,300 Mujahideen marched from Shatoi in the direction of Dargo-Vedeno. Exhausted by a long march, frozen, wounded, sick, the Mujahideen reached the gorge of the Vashtar River (Abazulgol). Intelligence reported that at a height between Ulus-Kert and Duba-Yurt, a detachment of invaders was located at their disposal with mortars.

Eyewitnesses and participants in that battle say that after a short meeting, the wounded Shamil Basayev (he was carried on a stretcher with his leg torn off) ordered Khattab to select the assault group and attack the paratroopers. Khattab initially refused, saying that the column (although under fire) would be able to pass the paratroopers without coming into fire contact. However, Shamil pointed out that in the event of passage under enemy fire, the losses would be disproportionately greater, and that the rearguard of the column would be under the threat of mortar fire.

Then Shamil Basayev turned to Khattab and said, “If you do not carry out my order now, then on the Day of Judgment I will testify before Allah that you did not carry out the order of your amir.” Hearing these words, Khattab immediately apologized and began to form an assault group, which he himself led. As Khattab himself later said, he was afraid of Shamil’s words and the fact that on the Day of Judgment he would have nothing to justify himself before the Almighty.

Khattab selected a group of Mujahideen of 70 volunteer fighters. Before the battle, Shamil addressed the Mujahideen with a speech. Then the assault began.

As the participants in the battle say, they climbed to the heights under heavy enemy fire at an incredibly slow speed. There was practically no strength to move up. The Mujahideen used their hands to help themselves move their legs. There was no talk of targeted shooting at paratroopers. When the advance group climbed the height, an impressive and at the same time strange picture appeared before them.

About 100 corpses were dumped in one heap, as if someone had deliberately dragged them to one place. Horror froze on the faces of all the paratroopers. The faces were gray-ash color. Almost all of them had bullet wounds to the head and chest, almost below the throat.

The Mujahideen lost 25 fighters (according to other sources, 21). Almost all those who died near Ulus-Kert were buried in the settlements of the Vedeno region: Tevzana, Makhkety, Khattuni.

As Khattab and the fighters of the assault group subsequently stated, all participants in that battle had a clear feeling that the cause of the death of the paratroopers was not so much their shooting, but the action of another force - Allah and his Angels.

Khattab, who loved to tell episodes of various battles, almost never talked much about the battle near Ulus-Kert. Not much about this fight
Other participants also spoke about it. When the Mujahideen tried to ask Khattab about that battle, he usually answered briefly - “It was not our work...”.

Meanwhile, Russian propaganda, trying to distort the real events of that battle, continues to tell tales “about hordes of militants and a handful of Russian heroes.” Articles and books are written, films and productions are made, generals and politicians appear on TV. Moreover, every year Russian state propaganda names different figures for Mujahideen losses, sometimes 500, sometimes 1500, sometimes 700 (this is the latest version). Moscow propagandists prefer not to answer a simple question - “where is the mass grave of militants?”

By the way, in those days, in the Ulus-Kert area, the Mujahideen killed up to 200 special forces of the Russian army. However, only the losses among the Pskov paratroopers were made official, which could not be kept silent about, since they were all from the same unit and the same city, and all residents of Pskov were aware of these losses.

About a week after the battle near Ulus-Kert, in the town of Duts-Khoti of the Selmentauzen rural administration, the Russian invaders, with the help of local apostates, betrayed and then vilely shot 42 wounded and unarmed Mujahideen, who, by decision of the Mujahideen command, were temporarily left in one from buildings on the outskirts of the village.

Subsequently, the traitors were found and destroyed.

Version of the battle near Ulus-Kert from the Russian side:

On the afternoon of February 29, 2000, the federal command hastened to interpret the capture of Shatoy as a signal that the “Chechen resistance” had been finally broken. Vladimir Putin was reported “on the completion of the tasks of the third stage” of the operation in the North Caucasus, and acting. O. OGV commander Gennady Troshev noted that operations to destroy the “escaping bandits” would be carried out for another two to three weeks, but the full-scale military operation had been completed.

Reserve Colonel Vladimir Vorobyov, a former paratrooper who served in Afghanistan (at one time he commanded the 104th “Cherekhin” regiment), will help us in the investigation. The father of senior lieutenant Alexei Vorobyov, who died near Ulus-Kert. Two years after the tragedy, he compiled a complete picture of what happened, which is somewhat at odds with the official version.

Gangs of Chechen field commanders found themselves in a strategic pocket. This happened after a tactical landing, which, as if with a sharp knife, cut the Itum-Kale-Shatili mountain road, built by the slaves of “free Ichkeria”. Operational group "Center" began to methodically shoot down the enemy, forcing him to retreat down the Argun Gorge: from the Russian-Georgian border to the north.

Intelligence reported: Khattab moved to the northeast, to the Vedeno region, where he created an extensive network of mountain bases, warehouses and shelters. He intended to capture Vedeno, the villages of Mekhkety, Elistanzhi and Kirov-Yurt and provide himself with a springboard for a breakthrough into Dagestan. In the neighboring republic, the “Mujahideen” planned to take a large number of civilians hostage and thereby force the federal authorities to negotiate.

Reconstructing the chronicle of those days, you need to clearly understand: talk about “reliably blocked gangs” is a bluff, an attempt to pass off wishful thinking. The strategically important Argun Gorge has a length of more than 30 kilometers. Units not trained in mountain warfare were unable to establish control over a branched and completely unfamiliar mountain system. Even on the old map you can count more than two dozen trails in this area. And how many are there that are not marked on any maps at all? To block each such path, you need to use a company. This turns out to be an impressive figure. With the forces that were at hand, the federal command could not only destroy, but reliably block the gangs going for a breakthrough only on paper.

In what later turned out to be the most dangerous direction, the OGV command deployed soldiers of the 104th Guards Parachute Regiment of the 76th Pskov Airborne Division. Meanwhile, Khattab chose a simple but effective tactic: after reconnaissance of the battles, he intended to find the weakest points, and then, with his entire mass, break out of the gorge.

On February 28, the “Mujahideen” went ahead. The first to take the blow were the paratroopers of the 3rd company, led by Senior Lieutenant Vasiliev. They occupied commanding heights five kilometers east of Ulus-Kert. Khattab's troops unsuccessfully tried to break through a well-organized fire system and retreated, suffering significant losses.

Units of the 2nd battalion kept control of the dominant heights above the Sharoargun Gorge. There remained a passage between the beds of the Sharoargun and Abazulgol rivers. To exclude the possibility of militants “infiltrating” here, the commander of the 104th regiment ordered the commander of the 6th company, Major Sergei Molodov, to occupy another commanding height 4-5 kilometers from Ulus-Kert. And since the company commander was literally transferred to the unit the day before and did not have time to thoroughly understand the operational situation and get to know the personnel, the commander of the 2nd battalion, Mark Evtyukhin, protected him.

The paratroopers set out while it was still dark. In a few hours they had to make a fifteen-kilometer forced march to a given square, where they would set up a new base camp. They walked with full combat gear. They were armed only with small arms and grenade launchers. The attachment for the radio station, which provides covert radio communication, was left at the base. They carried water, food, tents and stoves, without which it was simply impossible to survive in the mountains in winter. According to Vladimir Vorobyov’s calculations, the unit stretched for 5-6 kilometers, and they walked no more than a kilometer per hour. We also note that the paratroopers went to the heights immediately after a difficult throw along the Dombay-Arzy route, i.e., without proper rest.

A helicopter landing was ruled out because the aerial reconnaissance did not find a single suitable site in the mountain forest.

The paratroopers walked to the limit of their physical strength - this is a fact that no one can dispute. From the analysis of the situation, the following conclusion suggests itself: the command was late with the decision to transfer the 6th company to Isty-Kord, and then, realizing it, set obviously impossible deadlines.

Even before sunrise, the 6th company of the 104th Guards Parachute Regiment, reinforced by a platoon and two reconnaissance groups, was at the target - the interfluve of the tributaries of the Argun south of Ulus-Kert. The actions of the paratroopers were led by the battalion commander, Lieutenant Colonel Mark Evtyukhin.

As it later became known, 90 paratroopers, on an isthmus 200 meters away, blocked the path of Khattab’s two thousand strong group. As far as one can judge, the bandits were the first to discover the enemy. This is evidenced by radio interceptions.

At this moment, the “Mujahideen” were moving in two detachments along the Sharoargun and Abazulgol rivers. They decided to bypass height 776.0, where our paratroopers were catching their breath after a difficult forced march.

Moving ahead of both gangs were two reconnaissance groups of 30 people each, followed by two combat security detachments of 50 militants each. One of the head patrols was discovered by Senior Lieutenant Alexei Vorobyov and his scouts, which saved the 6th company from a surprise attack.

It was noon. Scouts discovered militants at the foot of height 776.0. The opponents were separated by tens of meters. In a matter of seconds, with the help of grenades, the vanguard of the bandits was destroyed. But after him dozens of “Mujahideen” poured in.

The scouts with the wounded on their shoulders retreated to the main forces, and the company had to take on an oncoming battle on the move. While the scouts were able to hold back the onslaught of the bandits, the battalion commander decided to gain a foothold on this forested height of 776.0 and not give the bandits the opportunity to escape and block the gorge.

Before the assault began, Khattab field commanders Idris and Abu Walid radioed the battalion commander and suggested that Yevtukhin let the “Mujahideen” through:

“There are ten times more of us here.” Think about it, commander, is it worth risking people? Night, fog - no one will notice...

It’s not hard to imagine what the battalion commander responded. After these “negotiations,” the bandits unleashed a barrage of fire from mortars and grenade launchers on the paratroopers’ positions. By midnight the battle reached its highest intensity. The guards did not flinch, although the enemy outnumbered them by more than 20 times. The bandits advanced to positions to throw a grenade. In some areas, the paratroopers came into hand-to-hand combat. One of the first in the 6th company to die was its commander Sergei Molodov - a sniper’s bullet hit him in the neck.

The command could only support the company with artillery fire. The fire of the regimental gunners was adjusted by the commander of the self-propelled battery, Captain Viktor Romanov. According to General Troshev, from noon on February 29 until the early morning of March 1, regimental gunners poured 1,200 shells into the Isty-Kord area.

They did not use aviation for fear of hitting their own people. The bandits covered their flanks with water flows that were on the right and left, which did not make it possible to freely maneuver and provide effective assistance. The enemy set up ambushes and took up defensive positions on the shore, not allowing them to approach the tributaries of the Argun. Several crossing attempts ended in failure. The 1st company of paratroopers, sent to the rescue of their dying comrades, was able to break through to height 776.0 only on the morning of March 2.

From three to five in the morning on March 1, there was a “respite” - there were no attacks, but the mortars and snipers did not stop shelling. Battalion commander Mark Evtyukhin reported the situation to the regiment commander, Colonel Sergei Melentyev. He ordered to hold on and wait for help.

After several hours of battle, it became obvious that the 6th Company simply did not have enough ammunition to hold off the continuous attacks of the militants. The battalion commander radioed for help from his deputy, Major Alexander Dostovalov, who was located one and a half kilometers from the dying company. There were fifteen fighters with him.

We like to say various beautiful phrases on any occasion, without really thinking about their meaning. I also liked the expression “heavy fire”. So here it is. Despite the heavy, unquote, enemy fire, Alexander Dostovalov and a platoon of paratroopers somehow miraculously managed to get through to their comrades, who were holding back the frantic onslaught of Khattab’s bandits for the second hour. For the 6th Company this was a powerful emotional charge. The guys believed that they were not abandoned, that they were remembered, that they would be helped.

...The platoon was enough for two hours of battle. At 5 o'clock Khattab launched two battalions of suicide bombers - "white angels" - into the attack. They completely surrounded the height, cutting off part of the last platoon, which never managed to rise to the height: it was shot almost in the back. The company itself was already collecting ammunition from the dead and wounded.

The forces were unequal. One after another, soldiers and officers died. Alexei Vorobyov had his legs broken by mine fragments, one bullet hit his stomach, and another pierced his chest. But the officer did not leave the battle. It was he who destroyed Idris, Khattab’s friend, the “chief of intelligence.”

On the night of March 1, at an altitude of 705.6 there was hand-to-hand combat, which took on a focal character. The snow at the height was mixed with blood. The paratroopers repelled the last attack with several machine guns. Battalion commander Mark Evtukhin realized that the life of the company was gone for minutes. A little more, and the bandits will break out of the gorge over the corpses of the paratroopers. And then he turned to captain Viktor Romanov. He, bleeding, with the stumps of his legs tied with tourniquets, lay nearby - on the company command post.

- Come on, let's call fire on ourselves!

Already losing consciousness, Romanov transferred the coordinates to the battery. At 6:10 a.m. the connection with Lieutenant Colonel Evtukhin was lost. The battalion commander fired back to the last bullet and was hit by a sniper’s bullet in the head.

On the morning of March 2, the 1st company reached Isty-Kord. When the paratroopers pushed the militants back from height 705.6, a terrible picture opened before them: perennial beech trees, “trimmed” by shells and mines, and corpses everywhere, the corpses of “Mujahideen.” Four hundred people. In the company stronghold there are the bodies of 13 Russian officers and 73 sergeants and privates.

Following the “bloody trail,” Udugov posted eight photographs of the killed paratroopers on the Kavkaz-Center website. The photographs do not show that many of the bodies were hacked into pieces. The “Fighters for the Faith” dealt with any paratroopers who still had life in them. This was told by those who miraculously managed to survive.

Senior Sergeant Alexander Suponinsky, on the orders of the commander, jumped into a deep ravine. Private Andrei Porshnev jumped next. About 50 militants fired at them from machine guns for half an hour. After waiting, the wounded paratroopers first crawled, and then began to leave at full height. The guys miraculously survived.

“There were five of us left,” Andrei Porshnev later recalled, “battalion commander Evtyukhin, deputy battalion commander Dostavalov and senior lieutenant Kozhemyakin.” Officers. Well, Sasha and I. Evtyukhin and Dostavalov died, and Kozhemyakin’s both legs were broken, and he threw cartridges at us with his hands. The militants came close to us, there were three meters left, and Kozhemyakin ordered us: leave, jump down...

For that fight, Alexander Suponinsky received the Hero of Russia star.

A list of dead paratroopers was placed on the desk of Colonel-General Gennady Shpak, commander of the Airborne Forces. All the circumstances of this fierce battle were reported in the smallest detail. Shpak made a report to the Minister of Defense, Marshal Igor Sergeev, but in response received instructions: information about the events near Ulus-Kert should be prohibited from being disclosed until a separate order is given.

It just so happened that on February 29, Marshal Sergeev reported to Vladimir Putin about the successful completion of the tasks of the “third stage.” Only a few hours passed and a powerful group of militants struck the positions of the federal troops. What happened near Ulus-Kert in no way correlated with the victorious reports about the imminent and final defeat of the militants. And Comrade Marshal probably felt embarrassed for his last report. In order to somehow smooth out the embarrassment, the military was ordered to keep quiet. Only Gennady Troshev, on March 5, dared to tell part of the truth: “The 6th parachute company, which was at the forefront of the bandits’ attack, lost 31 people killed and some were wounded.”

During the same days, the country experienced another tragedy, which was reported by all television channels in the country - 17 people died in Chechnya. The military command was afraid to announce the riot police and paratroopers at the same time. The losses were too great...

On August 2, 2000, Russia celebrated the 70th anniversary of the Airborne Forces. On this day, Vladimir Putin arrived at the 76th Airborne Division, stationed in Pskov, to pay tribute to the heroic paratroopers of the 6th company, which was killed in the Argun Gorge in Chechnya.

Having met with the soldiers and families of the victims, the president, for the first time in ten years of unprincipled and stupid Russian policy in the North Caucasus, publicly repented to the people, openly admitting the Kremlin’s guilt “for gross miscalculations that have to be paid for with the lives of Russian soldiers.”

Ulus-Kert has become one of the symbols of modern Russian history. For how many years they tried to eradicate the Russian military spirit from us, it didn’t work. For many years the army was portrayed as a bunch of drunks, degenerates and sadists - and the paratrooper boys, living and dead, silenced the critics.

Army hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces

In modern society, every person, young and old, needs to be able to at least to some extent protect themselves from outside influences. After all, it is unknown who you will encounter, for example, while walking in the park. The guy is obliged to stand up for his lady and protect her in difficult moments, which can arise in any situation. Yes, of course, internal troops and police protect our peace, but they will not always be able to come to the rescue promptly.

There are many different sections in which you will be taught the basics of hand-to-hand combat. You will be able to repel attacks by criminal elements with ease. But of course, nothing compares to the training of airborne troops. Hand-to-hand combat of airborne special forces is a completely different level, which you will never be able to reach on your own. In order to comprehend this art, you will have to join the ranks of the airborne troops, because in battle not only strength qualities are important, but also moral endurance, which you can easily gain during the service.

Meanwhile, hand-to-hand combat was studied at the end of the 19th century; it was mandatory for low military ranks. Subsequently, its importance increased and each soldier was required to have a certain set of skills that would help him cope with the enemy when meeting face to face. Currently, this aspect of soldier training is just as important.

Hand-to-hand combat techniques of paratroopers

On the Internet, you can now easily find many videos depicting hand-to-hand combat lessons of the Airborne Forces. It won’t be difficult to learn many techniques and try them yourself. This video shows some remarkable moments from hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces.

The hand-to-hand combat techniques of the Airborne Forces are perfectly demonstrated in this video, but this is only one of many behind-the-scenes filming. You can always discover many more different complexes. If you set yourself a goal, then learning simple hand-to-hand combat techniques will not be difficult for you.

You can watch hand-to-hand combat of the Airborne Forces on many portals. You can find especially a lot of this video on specialized sites dedicated to airborne troops. In addition to short videos, you can also find entire films teaching hand-to-hand combat.

Without a doubt, even if you have not served in airborne units and do not plan to serve there, you can study army hand-to-hand combat of the airborne forces in specialized sports sections. Nowadays, many proposals on this topic can be easily found in any newspaper with advertisements. Often these lessons are taught by former paratroopers who have completed a full course of training in their units, and some have been in combat situations. So feel free to go to this section and we are sure. That you will acquire skills that will undoubtedly help you in the harsh modern life.

Airborne Forces hand-to-hand combat complexes: video materials

For a true paratrooper, being able to fight the enemy in close combat is a priority. When the outcome of a battle is decided in a split second, complex and important decisions must be made at lightning speed. All this is undoubtedly taught in military units of the Airborne Forces. Not everyone can endure all victories and defeats with dignity. But, without a doubt, a strong-willed paratrooper can do it. He will undoubtedly learn a lesson from any defeat and work on his mistakes in order to prevent these mistakes in the future.

Such a soldier will constantly study airborne hand-to-hand combat techniques, because there is no limit to perfection. This phrase should remind a real paratrooper for a long time that he should never forget about training. Self-study using video recordings will help him stay in shape. Watching hand-to-hand combat and absorbing the knowledge gained in the video is for real men who strive for improvement.

It is probably very difficult to choose a hand-to-hand combat complex suitable for an ordinary person, because the World Wide Web offers us many different activities to study. In order to select exercises and techniques for you, we advise you to contact competent specialists who will select a training schedule for you. Don’t be afraid, you will succeed, the main thing is to start practicing in any business, and then you will get involved and won’t even notice how you will master many interesting hand-to-hand combat techniques.

We hope that after reading everything above, you will contact some section for hand-to-hand combat training, or study the various technologies of army airborne hand-to-hand combat yourself. Believe me, these skills will definitely be useful to you sooner or later. Of course, we hope that in peacetime, and not during hostilities. The main thing is to remain calm and not provoke violence yourself, but only use the acquired skills for self-defense.

Basic set of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-1)

For military personnel of all branches of the Armed Forces and branches of the military. Includes techniques provided by the RB-N complex and additionally the following techniques: blow with a butt from below, blow with the butt plate of a butt, piercing and cutting blows with a knife, protection with a machine gun stand, hand strikes (straight, from the side, from above, from below), kicks (straight, to the side , from the side, back, from above), protection with the support of the hands, protection by beating with the forearms (edge ​​of the palm), protection with the support of the foot (heel, thigh), disarming the enemy when striking with a knife directly, from above, from below, release from the neck grab from the front and back, strangulation from behind , combinations of techniques and actions.

Special set of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-2)

For personnel of airborne troops, motorized rifle units and units, units and units of the Marine Corps, personnel of anti-sabotage formations, reconnaissance units and units, cadets of military schools and academies. Includes the techniques provided by the RB-1 complex and additionally the following techniques: blows with an infantry shovel, defense by beating with an infantry shovel, defense against a kick by moving to the side, disarming the enemy when hit with an infantry shovel from above or directly, backhand or poke.

Special set of hand-to-hand combat techniques (RB-3)

In NFP-87 and in the draft of the new NFP for personnel of reconnaissance units and units, cadets of military schools training officers for these units and units. Includes techniques provided by the RB-2 complex and additionally: painful holds, throws, disarming techniques, releases from various enemy holds, special techniques and actions.

Unfortunately, such special actions as searching and tying up the enemy are not included in the training program for military personnel of electronic warfare units, although these actions can be taught in one training session. Considering the importance of tying and searching in hand-to-hand combat, the manual reveals in detail the technique for performing them.

Chapter II

TECHNIQUES FOR PERFORMING HAND-HAND COMBAT TECHNIQUES AND METHODS FOR TEACHING THEM

Preparatory techniques and teaching methods

Preparatory techniques are certain actions that ensure high-quality training of military personnel for hand-to-hand combat. They include preparations for combat, movement, and self-insurance techniques.

Preparing for battle

Ready for battle is the most convenient position for conducting hand-to-hand combat with the enemy. It can be taken without weapons or with weapons.

To prepare for combat without weapons(Fig. 1) place your left leg one step forward and slightly bend both legs at the knees. Distribute your body weight evenly on two legs, tilt your torso slightly forward, bend your arms at the elbow joints, clench your fingers into a fist, tilt your head slightly forward. The right-hand preparation for battle is adopted similarly.

Rice. 1

To prepare for combat with weapons(Fig. 2) the position of the head, torso and legs is taken as preparation for combat without weapons. In this case, send the machine gun forward with the barrel and grab it with your left hand by the fore-end, and with your right hand by the neck of the butt. Keep the tip of the bayonet at neck height, with your right hand in front of the belt buckle.

To prepare for battle with an infantry shovel Bring your half-bent right hand with the shovel to the level of your left shoulder. Hold the shovel by the end of the handle with the tray facing up.

To prepare for a fight with a knife, take the knife in your right hand with the tip down, for a blow from above - the hand at chest height, for a blow from below - with the tip up, for a thrusting blow - with the tip forward, the hand at waist height, legs in a right-handed stance.

Rice. 2

Movement

Skillful execution of movements in hand-to-hand combat plays an important role in the timely adoption of the necessary combat position, starting position for attack or defense. Movements are performed by walking, jumping and running.

Step forward from the ready-to-fight position, it is performed with the front leg, the other leg is substituted at a distance that allows you to maintain a stable position of the body.

Step back performed with a standing leg from behind, from the toe to the entire foot.

Leap in progress from the front (right, left) or side (forward, backward) stance due to a sharp push off the ground with the far leg relative to the direction of the jump. Landing is carried out on the opposite leg, or on both legs. It is possible to jump backward with an almost simultaneous push with both legs and landing on both feet.

Jumping is the most effective way to get closer to an enemy or quickly move away from him.

Self-insurance techniques

Falling and tuck techniques that provide warning against bruises on the ground after throws, collisions, and painful holds in single combat with an opponent are called self-insurance techniques.

Grouping(Fig. 3) one of the main preparatory elements of self-insurance. Sit on the ground (carpet) and clasp your shins with both hands, spread your knees slightly, place your heels together, bend your body, lower your head, pressing your chin to your chest. Pulling your shins with your hands, bring your torso closer to your hips.

Fig.4

Fig.5

Falling forward(Fig. 6) From the front stand, fall forward onto your springy (due to the inferior work of the muscles) arms, slightly bent and elbows spread to the side.

Rice. 7

Falling backwards(Fig. 8) From the front stance, squatting and falling back, roll onto your back, softening your fall with a simultaneous pre-emptive blow to the ground with straight arms spread at an angle of 45 0.

Rice. 8

Fall to one side (Fig. 9) From the front stance, squatting and simultaneously twisting the body to the right (left), lower yourself to the ground with your right (left) buttock and roll in a tuck onto your right (left) side, having previously made a preemptive move with your straightened right (left) arm, and then with the right (left) thigh. Final position – lying on the right side; the right leg is bent at the knee and hip joint, the left leg stands in front of it with the entire foot, the lower leg is vertical; right hand on the ground, palm down, 15-25 cm from the knee; the left hand is raised up, the head is pressed to it.

Fig.10

Injections and blows with a machine gun

A thrust is one of the main methods of defeating an enemy in hand-to-hand combat. It is applied to parts of the body unprotected by equipment (neck, chest, stomach, back, side) quickly, deftly, forcefully and along the entire length of the bayonet.

Injections with a bayonet (poke with a barrel) without lunging(Fig. 11) - point the machine gun with both hands with the bayonet (barrel) at the target, pull out the bayonet and take the ready position for battle.

Hit with a magazine(Fig. 14) – applied with a sharp movement of the arms (automatically forward) away from oneself while simultaneously moving the body forward and straightening the leg standing behind.

Fig.14

Butt strike from the side(Fig. 15) – applied with a sharp angle of the butt to the jaw, temple, back of the head or side of the enemy. Moving the weapon with your right hand to the left, and with your left hand towards you, while simultaneously turning your body to the left, strike with the corner of the butt. At the moment of impact, the right leg can be placed slightly ahead of the left.

Rice. 16

Fig.17

Fig.18

Table 5.

Unarmed assault techniques include: punches, kicks, chokes, submission holds and throws.

Straight punches(Fig. 19) are applied with a fist or the heel of the palm; from the ready-to-fight position, push the leg to transfer the weight of the body to the front leg and, with a turn of the body, deliver a blow.

Hand strikes from the side, from below, from above(Fig. 20) are applied with a fist (the base of the fingers and the muscle part), the edge of the palm and the elbow.

Fig.19

Rice. 20

Basic striking parts of the hands

Kicks applied with the toe, instep, knee, foot, heel to the shin, knee joint, groin, liver area, head of the bent opponent. A lying opponent is struck in the head, base of the skull, lower back, tailbone, liver, solar plexus, heart, groin.

Kick straight(Fig. 21) is the main kick performed. It is applied from a left- or right-sided stance (less often a frontal one) by straightening the leg or swinging movement. Raising the thigh of the right leg forward upward (the foot is raised up with the heel towards the buttock), with a sharp movement, straighten the leg at the knee joint and strike the target with the toe (instep).

At the moment of impact, tense the abdominal and front thigh muscles as much as possible. The supporting leg is slightly bent; at the moment of impact, the foot does not lift off the ground, but turns on the toe with the heel forward. The arms, bent at the elbows, are sharply pulled back to intensify the blow. After the impact, the muscles immediately relax and the leg moves back.

Rice. 21

Side kick(Fig. 22) is applied from a medium and long distance with the foot, the outer edge of the foot and the heel to the shin, knee joint, stomach and lower back. The most effective blow to the knee joint is with the foot from the side.

From a fighting stance, pull the thigh up, the sole of the foot rises along the inner surface of the left leg to the knee. Turning the thigh, knee in the direction of the target and straightening the leg at the knee joint, strike in the shin with the edge of the foot, or in the knee from the side - with a punching blow of the foot, or in the hypochondrium (stomach) - with the heel (pull the toe towards you). At the moment of the blow, tense the leg muscles, slightly tilt the torso in the direction opposite to the blow, direct the arm of the same name (simultaneously with the movement of the leg) towards the target, lower the other arm closer to the groin in readiness to block a possible counter-strike. After the blow, relax the muscles and immediately get ready for battle.

Rice. 22

Hitting with the foot or heel from above(Fig. 23) are applied to the upper arch of the foot, to the shin - when the opponent grabs the torso from behind, to a lying opponent (after a throw) - from a short swing with sharp blows to the painful points.

Rice. 23

Knee strike from below applied when releasing grips from the front of the body. Without swinging, strike a bent opponent in the groin or face.

Back kick(Fig. 24) is applied with the foot, usually to the stomach of the attacking enemy. From a fighting left-sided stance, bend slightly forward, pull your right thigh to your chest and look back over your right shoulder, straighten your leg at the knee joint and hip joint with a sharp movement, and strike the opponent’s stomach with your foot.

Rice. 25

Fig.26

Hitting up with a machine gun(Fig. 27) is carried out with a sharp movement of both hands forward and upward without changing the grip of the machine gun with the left hand. At the moment of impact, the arms are tense, slightly bent, and the machine gun is turned with the magazine up.

Hitting the machine gun down to the right(Fig. 27) is performed by thrusting a weapon into the lower part of the body. Moving your left hand down to the right, and your right hand to the right, up, hit the weapon down to the right with the end of the barrel. At the moment of impact, the left arm is slightly bent, the machine gun is pointed to the right, the bayonet is at the height of the right knee, the right elbow is raised.

Fig.28
Rice. 29
Release from the capture of a machine gun by the enemy(Fig. 31) kick the enemy in the groin, turn sideways to the enemy and, kicking the knee (shin), snatch the weapon.

Rice. 33

Protection from a punch from below(Fig. 34) First method: performed with a stand (block) of the forearm of the left hand, followed by counter-strikes with the right hand to the head, the right knee to the groin or the rib of the foot to the shin (knee).

Rice. 34

Kick protection

Protection from underhand kicks(Fig. 35) is performed by placing the foot (hip) under the blow, after which a counter blow is delivered with the hand to the opponent’s head or torso.

Protection from kicks with a hand rest(Fig. 36) - meet the opponent’s leg with the forearms of straight crossed arms (when striking with the right leg, the right hand is on top), grab it by the heel with the right hand, bringing the foot into the elbow bend of the left hand, throw the opponent to the ground with a jerk upward, strike with the foot , step on the other foot and twist the trapped leg.

Fig.37

Defense against a kick by moving to the side(Fig. 38) when hitting the enemy with the right foot, step forward with the left to the left, turn to the right and grab the leg from below with your left hand. Raising it up, knock the opponent to the ground and kick.

Fig.39

Releasing an opponent's grip on the neck from the front(Fig. 40) Kick the opponent’s crotch (shin, foot), joining his fists together and spreading his elbows to the sides, strike from the bottom up between the opponent’s arms. The upward movement of the arms should coincide with the active extension of the leg muscles. With a reverse movement of the arms from top to bottom, hit the opponent in the face or on the collarbones, and then, grabbing the clothes and pulling them onto yourself, hit him with the head in the face.

Fig.40

Training in unarmed defense techniques

Training in defense against punches and kicks is carried out using a group two-way method. A unit in a two-rank formation, one rank acts as the attacking enemy, the other rank acts as the defender.

After familiarization, the technique is learned in divisions: “For battle - PREPARE”, “On the count of “one”, the first numbers indicate a strike with the right foot in the lower abdomen, the second numbers, step with the left foot to the left forward, turn to the right and grab the leg from below with your left hand, do - ONCE " The leader must point out individual details, correct mistakes and give the command: “On the count of two, lift your leg up and knock the opponent to the ground, do TWO,” “On the count of three, mark a kick to the opponent, do THREE.”

In the process of mastering the technique, the technique of its implementation is no longer explained, but the command is given: “For battle - PREPARE, the first numbers perform defense against a kick by moving to the side, the second numbers - kick - KICK!”

As you master the technique of the technique, it is necessary to combine its implementation with other already mastered attacking or defensive actions and carry them out in the form of conditioned fights, while all actions of the partner must only be indicated, which is an indispensable condition that excludes traumatic injuries for those involved.

Techniques for disarming the enemy and teaching methods for them

In hand-to-hand combat, a situation may arise when an unarmed person has to act against an armed enemy.

Based on the position of the weapon and the nature of the enemy’s actions, one can determine his intentions and carry out a timely disarmament technique. As a rule, success will depend on an appropriate distance from the enemy, timely departure from the line of attack (if necessary), immediate subsequent strikes with a hand or foot, and the obligatory deprivation of his contact with the weapon. When disarming the enemy, it is necessary to use the inertia of his body’s movement to your advantage, correctly applying painful effects to the joints of the arms and legs.

Disarming techniques are divided into the following groups: techniques for disarming the enemy when stabbed with a bayonet, techniques for disarming the enemy when struck with an infantry shovel, techniques for disarming the enemy when stabbed with a knife, or threatened with a pistol.

Fig.41

Disarming the enemy when thrusting with a bayonet and moving to the right(Fig.42) – lunge with your right foot to the side, simultaneously turning your body to the left. Repel (retract) the barrel of the enemy’s machine gun with the forearm of your left hand and grab it. Shift your body weight to your left leg, grab the weapon with your other hand and, at the same time as jerking the machine gun towards you, strike yourself with your foot in the side of your knee. Knock the enemy to the ground, strike him in the head with the buttplate of the buttplate, or point the barrel of the weapon at him.

Fig.43

Disarming the enemy when hit with an infantry shovel backhand or poke(Fig. 44) with a step forward to the side and turning towards the enemy, use your forearms to beat off the enemy’s armed hand on the backswing and grab it, strike with your foot, grab the handle of the shovel, disarm the enemy by twisting the shovel towards the thumb and strike the enemy on the head with the shovel.

All infantry shovel strikes have a greater or lesser swing. Therefore, to protect against such attacks, it is necessary to perform a leap towards the enemy in order to stop the blow at the very beginning of its trajectory. Or try to avoid defeat by moving quickly to the side from the line of attack.

Fig.44

Disarming an enemy when struck with a knife from above(Fig. 45) with a step forward, defend yourself with the forearm of your hand up under the blow of the enemy’s armed hand on the backswing, with the other hand grab his forearm from below in the area of ​​the elbow, kick him in the groin, pressing the forearm on the flat part of the blade outward, to disarm him. If necessary, applying pressure to the elbow, step back with your left foot to knock down the opponent, turn him face down, bend his arm behind his back and tie him up.

Fig.45

Disarming an enemy when striking with a knife from below or directly(Fig. 46) with a short step or leap forward to the left, leave the line of attack, block the enemy’s armed hand with the forearm of the left hand and grab his wrist. Immediately strike the painful point with your hand, move your armed hand away from you to the right and hit the back of the opponent’s hand with the base of your right palm to knock out the knife. Next, knock the enemy to the ground and tie him up.

Fig.46

Binding

Tying is used to limit the resistance of a captured enemy, for his escort and transportation. Tying is carried out, as a rule, after painful holds and throws. To do this, you need to knock the enemy face down to the ground. Kneel down and, tightly blocking the captured hand with your right thigh, sit astride your opponent. By applying painful pressure to the forearm of the captured hand, force the opponent to place the other hand behind his back. Blocking it with your left thigh, tie your hands.

arms behind your back, hands on top of each other;

Hands behind the head, hands crossed, the free end of the loop is tied to the waist belt.

Fig.48

For tying with rope(Fig. 49) a double tightening loop is used.

Fig.49

Linking options(Fig. 50)

Hands behind your back, hands crossed, rope passes through the neck or chest;

Hands behind your back, one on top, the other below;

Arms crossed on chest, hands behind back.

Fig.50

Binding with a trouser belt or rope for a fixed position. Knock your opponent face down on the ground. Bend your legs and cross them, put your hands behind your back and tie your right hand to your left leg, your left hand to your right leg.

To hinder the enemy's mobility, improvised means, for example, a stick, can be used. In this case, it is necessary to insert a stick into the sleeves of the jacket behind the prisoner’s back and tie the wrists of the hands to it, or tie the enemy’s hands in front and insert the stick into the elbow and popliteal folds of the arms and legs tied in front.

Now it is fashionable to talk about special forces, martial arts, special forces training, but this is often talked about by people who have only superficial knowledge of these things.

I became interested in what a representative of, as it is now fashionable to say, the special forces of the Soviet army would tell (anonymously) about this, about what place martial arts occupied in the training of soldiers and whether the concept of hand-to-hand combat existed.

« Now the pretentious word “special forces” has become fashionable and a common noun, but then there was no such term in wide use».

The military unit in which I began to serve was located in Armenia and, at that time, mountain training took place there. Later, after my dismissal, in the 80s, I learned from letters from colleagues that many who underwent training (these were cadets and officers) left for Afghanistan. In addition, the guys who served in our unit, a later conscription, as part of a consolidated company, also went to Afghanistan.

My military career was not limited to conscript service, and already in the 80s, I entered the school of warrant officers of the Airborne Forces, so I can compare the specifics of conscript and extra-conscript service.

I had to serve in conscript service in a separate reconnaissance platoon of an airborne assault battalion. The guys recruited there were athletic, had ranks, had parachute training, and, as a rule, had an education.

Now the pretentious word “special forces” has become fashionable and a common noun, but then there was no such term in wide use. In addition to the frequent use of the term “special forces,” you can now often find certain “specialists” who are presented as “hand-to-hand combat instructors.” Neither in conscript service, nor in the ensign school, nor in further service, I have never encountered such a term; I only learned about it in the movies. During conscript service, we were taught physical (with elements of special) training by a major transferred from the GRU for health reasons. He was a man who was sincerely in love with martial arts and, more often than not, he trained with us. The reasons for this were, firstly, the battalion commander’s love for sports and our specific nature of service.

“Today, many people see service in the special forces of the Airborne Forces as a series of fights, training in hand-to-hand combat and nothing more.”

The major explained to us that he was showing combat sambo techniques, which is actually what I heard about in the army. Not about sambo in general, but specifically about the combat section, in which the main task is based on eliminating the enemy. It cannot be said that we were being trained to be some kind of movie heroes, however, those who wanted to did so learned something. And there was a lot to learn; the training included techniques with weapons, removing a sentry, and there were sparrings.

Today, many people imagine service in the special forces of the Airborne Forces as a series of fights, training in hand-to-hand combat and nothing more. But this is a completely wrong idea; the soldier in these units, as well as in all other branches of the military, is engaged in cleaning the territory, sweeping the parade ground, and going to the outfits. Nevertheless, we had the so-called special training, but it did not look like how it is shown in the movies. In my opinion, a big role in our training was played by the battalion commander and major who taught physical training, as well as some young officers who had recently come from the Ryazan Airborne School.

“We didn’t really know anything about karate, just as we didn’t have the term “hand-to-hand combat” in our everyday life.

According to some fans of martial arts, karate techniques were actively introduced into the power structures of the USSR. In fact, we didn’t really know anything about karate, just as we didn’t have the term “hand-to-hand combat” in our everyday life. Elements of karate were more common in the school of warrant officers, although in a very modified version, and then mainly because it was the personal initiative of some people. In fact, all preparation took place with combat elements of sambo.

Sparring took place both during conscript service and at the ensign school, and in the conscript service they were even tougher. At that moment, we needed to go through a kind of initiation - surrender to the beret, to the guards badge. True, this was an unofficial tradition, passing from conscription to conscription, but such an “exam” had to be passed. This consisted of passing standards and sparring with senior soldiers and, if our major was involved in this, then with officers.

It looked like some kind of mixed martial arts, everyone tried to do what they could. Of course, no one killed anyone, but the fight did not stop, even if the opponents fell to the ground. The boxers who came from wrestling backgrounds looked most confident, despite their non-combat arsenal of techniques, sambo wrestlers. Although at that time I myself came from judo, I cannot help but note that despite all the similarities between judo and sambo, sambo wrestlers still looked more confident (but this should not be perceived as some kind of superiority of one type over the other). It helped me personally that I had, in addition to wrestling, boxing skills.

“Coming from ordinary combat sports, they looked quite confident, they were easily trained in combat techniques.”

As I already said, we had not heard anything about karate then and there were no karatekas among us. Now, knowing about many types of martial arts, it seems to me that the officer who taught physical training had elements of jiu-jitsu.

After military service, when Soviet youth actively attended underground karate sections, where I myself went, we heard about kung fu and jiu-jitsu (although I had heard about it earlier from one of my acquaintances who served in the Pacific Fleet).

Later, while studying at the ensign school, I had to deal with people from karate, as well as a representative of kung fu, at least as he spoke about himself.

From personal experience, without claiming to be the ultimate truth, I can say that in a real fight, the traditional version of martial arts will be ineffective. Sport is the basis, competitive practice, endurance, these are the things without which it is impossible to gain combat skill. Those who came from ordinary martial arts looked quite confident and easily learned combat techniques. As for karate and kung fu, from the outside they looked good, but everything ended as soon as sparring began. But it should be taken into account that there was no need to talk about high professionalism in these martial arts in our circle (although in my life I saw an example of how one of the young people on the train managed to resist several attackers with the help of karate skills - - approx. ed.). And here again the guys from boxing, sambo and wrestling looked more confident, since the training in these disciplines, at that time, was much stronger. As for talking about combat moments in martial arts, in my opinion, the talk of some martial arts schools that boxing, wrestling, is just a sport is a manifestation of incompetence.

Now, of course, the picture has changed, more information has appeared, styles such as sanda, kudo, kyokushinkai, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu have appeared in our country, but I’m talking about specific moments involving the variants of martial arts known at that time.

And, in general, you should remember that there are no bad or good martial arts, you should clearly understand why you are doing it, what goals you are pursuing.

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Preparation for hand-to-hand combat in the Airborne Forces

During combat operations, units and units of the Airborne Forces, as a rule, will carry out combat missions deep behind enemy lines in direct contact with him. The basis for carrying out combat missions of units (groups) behind enemy lines includes: reconnaissance of an object and secretly approaching it, a surprise attack and destruction of an object, and a quick retreat to their main forces. In the event of a surprise attack on the enemy, when defeat by fire is limited, hand-to-hand combat becomes one of the main means of accomplishing a combat mission for paratroopers. Thus, mastery of hand-to-hand combat skills for Airborne Forces personnel acquires one of the paramount importance. Therefore, the main task of physical training is to develop readiness for action in hand-to-hand combat with a numerically superior enemy.

To successfully conduct combat operations behind enemy lines, a paratrooper must master the entire arsenal of hand-to-hand combat:

– actions of attack and defense with and without weapons, improvised means;

– methods of capturing the enemy, searching him, tying him up and escorting him;

– the ability to conduct hand-to-hand combat with several opponents armed with various weapons and improvised means;

– ways of interaction and mutual assistance during actions in hand-to-hand combat.

Based on this, personnel and officers study hand-to-hand combat techniques of the special RB-2 complex, and military personnel of reconnaissance units and cadets of the airborne command school learn hand-to-hand combat techniques of the special RB-3 complex. Additionally, military personnel of all categories study hand-to-hand combat techniques according to a special program developed by physical training specialists of the Airborne Forces. Hand-to-hand combat is an integral part of every complex lesson. First, attack techniques and offensive actions with weapons, improvised means and without weapons are studied, then methods of defense and disarming are studied. Next, special techniques and actions are practiced (tying up, searching, escorting the enemy, throwing knives and infantry shovels). After studying individual techniques and actions, hand-to-hand martial arts and group fights with a numerically superior “enemy” are carried out. If necessary, protective equipment is used in classes to protect students from injury. Improvement of the learned techniques and actions is further carried out in the process of tactical training classes.

When preparing for tactical exercises or combat operations, two to three weeks before them, the content of physical training classes includes forced marches of 10–15 km overcoming an obstacle course, attack techniques with weapons, paired combat exercises in the form of training battles with weapons and using improvised means, boxing. For long periods of preparation for tactical exercises or combat operations (up to two months), physical training classes are conducted in stages. Preparation for hand-to-hand combat begins with the second stage, at which it is combined with overcoming obstacles, at the third it is carried out independently, at the fourth - in combination with forced marches of 10–13 km with overcoming obstacles. At the end of the training period, control exercises are held, in which the paratroopers’ readiness for hand-to-hand combat is tested. They include three or six control bouts.

The physical training program allocates 20 hours of study time for the study of hand-to-hand combat. Experts believe that this is clearly not enough for high-quality mastery of the content of hand-to-hand combat. For this reason, the need arose in the Airborne Forces to master hand-to-hand combat skills while organizing other forms of physical training. Thus, during morning physical exercises carried out in the Airborne Forces for 50 minutes in the form of a complex lesson, in the preparatory part, along with general developmental and special exercises, individual hand-to-hand combat techniques (punches and kicks, defense techniques without weapons) and their complexes are performed . In the warm season, one of the options for carrying out the main part of the exercise is training in hand-to-hand combat techniques and actions.

During hours of mass sports work in units, preparation for hand-to-hand combat is also given great attention. Educational and training sessions are held in sections on military sports combat (hand-to-hand combat without weapons), competitions among unit personnel for the best mastery of hand-to-hand combat techniques, and additional classes for those lagging behind. In recent years, the Airborne Forces have been organizing troop championships in military sports combat, which is an integral part of “Hand-to-Hand Combat.” Competitions are organized in protective equipment using the contact method. They allow the use of all techniques that are included in the content of hand-to-hand combat without weapons. Military sports combat has become widespread in the Airborne Forces; sections have been created in all units and competitions are regularly held among teams of units. This is also one of the forms of training paratroopers for hand-to-hand combat.

In tactical training classes when working on the topic “Capture an enemy object,” one of the mandatory training issues is the use of hand-to-hand combat as a means of silent attack and capture of an object. At educational and methodological gatherings of physical training and sports specialists, great importance is attached to the further development of hand-to-hand combat. With the participants of the training camp, the methods of teaching hand-to-hand combat techniques and personal training are being improved, and new techniques are being tested. Training of training leaders (unit commanders) is carried out: at training camps before the start of training periods; at instructor-methodological and demonstration classes every month during the academic year; at instructor classes before studying a new topic of hand-to-hand combat; in leadership training classes. Classes with leaders are conducted by the head of physical training and sports of the unit. The duties of freelance instructors in hand-to-hand combat in airborne units are performed by medical instructors of companies (batteries). Most of them are trained in the training unit according to a special program in which a significant amount of training time is devoted to hand-to-hand combat. On a unit scale, 3-day training camps are held monthly with hand-to-hand combat instructors, where the unified methodology for teaching hand-to-hand combat, techniques and actions that should be practiced in the next month are clarified, the personal training of hand-to-hand combat instructors is improved, and the rules of competitions in military combat sports are studied. .

The currently available training and material base for hand-to-hand combat does not yet fully allow training personnel in hand-to-hand combat in a high-quality manner and in a short time. Physical training specialists see its improvement and compliance with modern requirements in the creation of special hand-to-hand combat camps, equipped and equipped with everything necessary to prepare paratroopers for hand-to-hand combat. For the further development of training for hand-to-hand combat in the Airborne Forces, it is planned to: improve the methodology for training personnel in hand-to-hand combat in standard and non-standard situations characteristic of combat activities; development of the fundamentals of hand-to-hand combat tactics, both single and group; replacing complex techniques with simpler ones; bringing to the fore offensive actions, and primarily with weapons; further improvement of protective equipment for military combat sports competitions; inclusion of fights with weapon models into the content of military sports combat; improving the educational and material base for hand-to-hand combat training.

Removing the sentry

To successfully remove a sentry, it is extremely important to get close to him in such a way that he does not see or hear anything until the very last moment. And, accordingly, so that you don’t have time to scream, because a loud scream in silence can be heard at a distance of up to one kilometer! Therefore, it is best to attack a sentry from behind (in some cases from the side), but not from the front. It must be remembered that many people can distinguish the sound of even quiet steps at a distance of 30–40 m. Therefore, you need to sneak up on the sentry from the leeward side or choose the place to which he will approach himself. To distract his attention, it is advisable to throw some small object to the side, forcing the sentry to turn towards the noise. The resulting pause should be immediately used to attack. The attack requires a combination of two actions: with one hand to close the sentry’s mouth, with the other to strike with a knife. In some cases, a knife blow can be replaced by a blow with a heavy object, twisting the neck or strangulation. Of course, it is most convenient to shoot sentries with shots from silent weapons. However, it does not provide a 100% guarantee of destruction (especially at night), since there is always the possibility of a miss or injury. This can lead to noise and ultimately failure of the operation. Consequently, although contact methods of action are difficult, they cannot be completely excluded from the paratrooper’s arsenal.

Destruction of a sentry with a knife. When removing a sentry, stabs with a knife are performed in the neck (throat), in the heart (under the left shoulder blade), in the kidneys, in the liver (right hypochondrium) or in the spleen (left hypochondrium). The enemy's neck can be hit with either a piercing or a slashing blow. A stabbing blow is most effective when it hits the base of the neck in front, just below the Adam's apple (or on the side, above the collarbone). A chopping (cutting) blow is applied to the throat from the front, slightly above the Adam's apple (which requires bending the sentry's head back) or from the side, cutting the carotid artery. In all these cases, instant death occurs. A strong stabbing blow is applied to the heart (under the left shoulder blade), to the left or right kidney, to the liver, to the spleen and they try to turn the knife in the wound. As a result, the enemy instantly loses consciousness, as there is a powerful release of blood inside the body, and after a short period of time, death occurs. If it is not possible to cover the last section of space separating the scout from the sentry unnoticed, then other attack options are used. The first is knocking down a sentry by jumping on him from behind from a running start, while simultaneously stabbing him in the throat with a knife. The second is to throw a knife (sweeper blade, hatchet, cobblestone) at him from behind. Then jump through the “dead space” and finish off the enemy with the second knife.

Of course, there are other ways to destroy an enemy with a knife. For example, sometimes it is possible to attack a sentry from the front if the scout managed to deceive the enemy (dressed in someone else's uniform or civilian clothes, portrayed a drunk local resident, an unarmed soldier surrendering, etc.). But all of them are unreliable, since the sentry, when any stranger appears, is obliged to immediately stop him with a loud exclamation and point a weapon at him.

Destruction of a sentry by strangulation. To destroy an enemy by strangulation, scouts usually use a specially prepared noose made from a guitar string (less often, from a nylon fishing line) with handles attached to its ends. (The length of any noose ranges from 30 to 50 cm.) The good thing about the string is that it not only strangles, but also cuts into the skin. If there is no string, it can be replaced with steel wire, electrical cord, rope, towel, or a narrow strong belt. However, all these “nooses” are much less effective than a string. They don’t fit as tightly to the enemy’s neck, they don’t tighten as well, they can tear, and finally, they are not so convenient to use. There is another type of string, which, however, does not strangle, but simply cuts off the head. This is a string with diamond chips sprayed onto it and T-shaped handles at the ends, which doctors use as a surgical saw. It is called the “Jigli saw”. In 10 seconds you can saw through your leg at the thigh along with the bone, and it cuts your throat instantly! There are two main ways to remove a sentry using a noose.

First: sneak up from behind, throw a string around his throat, quickly turn your back to him to ensure that the ends of the string, which are in the hands of the paratrooper, cross, and forcefully pull the enemy towards you, rotating in place in a circle. Death will occur in 10–30 seconds, the faster the deeper the string cuts into the throat and the stronger the pulling force.

Second: throwing a string (or cord) over your head onto your throat, make a sharp jerk with your hands back towards you and at the same time slightly towards each other. At the same time, tilt your body back and hit the sentry hard in the lower back with your knee or heel. As a result, he will fall backwards. At the moment of his fall, the scout must take a step to the side (without releasing the noose from his hands) and complete the strangulation already on the ground.

There are many known methods of manual strangulation, but all of them are much less reliable than using a noose, so they are not considered here. By the way, a noose (especially one made from string) is also good because it completely eliminates the possibility of screaming. When strangling with hands, if the grip is unsuccessful, the opponent either screams or makes loud, inarticulate sounds. It is better to strangle with your hands when you want to capture your enemy rather than kill him.

Destruction of a sentry by fracture of the cervical vertebrae. To break the cervical vertebrae, which almost always entails instant death, you need to twist the enemy's head to the side with a sharp, strong movement. This method is not as effective as using a knife or a noose. However, anything can happen in war; it may happen that there is neither a knife nor a noose at hand. It is very difficult for a healthy man to twist his head when he is standing. To do this, the attacker must have very strong hands and, moreover, be taller than his victim. Therefore, they first knock the enemy to the ground and, straddling his back, sharply twist his head with a counter movement of his hands. The left hand pushes the back of the head away from you, the right hand pulls the chin towards you and up. Another option: grab the chin of the fallen opponent with both hands (sitting on his back), and then combine the two movements. With your hands, sharply tilt his head back - to the right and up, and with your right knee, press firmly to the left and forward on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe cervical vertebrae. A fracture occurs. The third version of twisting the neck is associated with tipping the sentry not forward, but back, striking his foot in the popliteal fold. At the same time, they sharply twist the opponent’s head with their hands. The main disadvantage of these methods should be clearly recognized: they do not guarantee the absence of noise. The sentry may have a muscular neck, the grip with his hands may not be entirely reliable, and as a result the enemy will have time to let out a scream.

Capture

The experience of the Great Patriotic War, armed conflicts in Afghanistan and Chechnya showed that there are a large number of methods of capture. However, they all have some similar aspects. Firstly, the capture of a prisoner must be carried out by several scouts (at least two). Secondly, all actions of the members of the capture group should be rehearsed to the point of complete automatism, literally to the level of a circus trick. Thirdly, the capture of a prisoner, as well as the removal of a sentry, is carried out suddenly by the scouts, after they have managed to secretly get to the required distance to the intended object. Fourthly, the capture must be carried out silently and unnoticed: after all, the prisoner must still be interrogated, and if he is valuable to the command, then not destroyed after interrogation, but transported to the base. With a noisy capture, this is unlikely to succeed.

There are three main ways to silently capture a tongue. The first is to sneak up to the enemy and stun him with a blow to the head with a heavy blunt object. If the enemy is wearing a metal helmet, then the striking object must be wrapped in a rag to avoid unnecessary noise. If the helmet is made of Kevlar, then it is not necessary to wrap it. The second comes down to throwing a cape, jacket, or blanket over the enemy’s head. It’s also a good idea to throw a cover, bag or deep basket over it in a big way. The third method is to use choke techniques from behind. Using any of these methods, you must be careful not to kill the enemy, and also to ensure that he cannot shout or shoot. That is why two or three of them capture a prisoner. One shuts his mouth and grabs the enemy’s weapon, the other performs a technique or throws a cape over his head. A blow with a fist (the edge of the palm) to his Adam's apple (thyroid cartilage on the throat) completely ensures the prisoner's silence, but it is not always possible to perform this technique. The sequence of actions when captured is as follows: stun or strangle the enemy, tie his hands and insert a gag into his mouth, and then transport him to his destination. If he can go on his own, let him go; if he can’t, the scouts will have to drag him.

There are options for capturing the enemy using two choking techniques: strangulation with the elbow and strangulation with the collar of clothing from behind. In the first case, you need to approach the enemy from behind, cover his mouth and nose with your left hand, and, throwing his head back, push him into the popliteal fold with your right foot (preferably the left leg, not the right). At the same time, grab the opponent’s throat with your right hand so that your elbow is under the chin, and choke with your elbow. To strengthen the technique, you need to place your left hand on the wrist of your right hand, and put the opponent on your back or sit him on the ground. When he loses consciousness, which takes no more than 15 seconds, you and your partner take him to cover. Strangulation with a clothing loop is performed in the following way. Having crept up to the enemy from behind, insert your left hand under his left hand and place your palm on the back of his head. With your right hand over his right shoulder, grab the lapel of the garment to the left of his throat. Pressing firmly on the back of the opponent’s head with your left palm, pull the lapel of the clothing towards you over your right shoulder with your right hand. At the same time, pressing the opponent to you and pushing him into the popliteal crease with your foot, sit on the ground. Then wrap your legs around his body and connect both feet, hooking them together, on his stomach. Continuing to pull the left lapel of the opponent’s clothing towards you with your right hand, you need to push his torso away from you with your feet.

If, during an attempt to capture the enemy, he managed to dodge, you should immediately proceed to perform some practiced hand-to-hand combat technique in order to reliably neutralize him. For example, you can hit your opponent with your head in the face (if he is not wearing a helmet, on the edge of which you can cut your own head), then immediately squat down and throw him with his back to the ground through a grab with his hands under his knees. When throwing, you should lift the opponent’s legs higher so that he hits the ground with the back of his head, and then finish him off with a kick to the throat. Or don’t finish him off, but put a gag in his mouth, tie him up and take him away. In cases where a prisoner is captured on a narrow road along which the enemy is riding a motorcycle or bicycle, a whole group of four people comes into action. Two people stretch a rope across the road, check its tension, then lay it on the ground and, camouflaged behind roadside vegetation, wait for the rider to approach, holding the ends of the rope in their hands. Two more scouts lie nearby: one with a rope for tying the prisoner, the second with a gag for gagging. When the enemy approaches the designated conditional line, the scouts with the rope jump up sharply and pull the rope at the level of the chest or face of the moving enemy. He falls onto the road, the third and fourth scouts grab him and carry him away, and the first and second quickly remove all traces from the road. If this method is well practiced in training, it will take no more than 20 seconds in real execution.

Interrogation of a prisoner

The paratrooper operates on enemy territory. One of his main tasks is to search for particularly important objects, for which he needs to capture people and forcefully extract the necessary information from them. That the soldier knows how to squeeze out this information is beyond doubt. But how can he understand what the prisoner is telling him? Officers undergo special language training, and each battalion has an interpreter officer fluent in at least two foreign languages. But in a small group there is not always an officer on hand, so every soldier and sergeant interrogating a prisoner must have some knowledge of a foreign language. But paratroopers only serve for a year, and their military training is so intense that it is simply impossible to find even a few hours for this.

Can a soldier understand a prisoner who, under torture, nods and shows his willingness to speak? Yes maybe. Each paratrooper has a small pocket phrasebook with a set of various questions and answers. The first sentence in Russian: “Be silent, or I will kill you.” The sergeant points to this proposal. This is then followed by its translation into English, German, French and other languages. He finds the right answer in his native language and nods. Very good. You understood each other. His mouth is freed. Next sentence: “If you don’t tell the truth, you will regret it.” He again quickly finds the desired equivalent in his native language. Okay, everything is clear. Then things went faster because of simple sentences, each of which was translated into fifteen languages: “Rank”, “First Name”, “Last Name”, “Military Rank”, “Where?”, “Rocket”, “Headquarters”, “Airfield” ", "Warehouse" and so on. The last sentence is a repetition of the second: “If you lie, you will regret it.” Teaching the most ordinary soldier to communicate using this phrasebook will take only ten minutes. In addition, the soldier is taught to pronounce and understand the simplest and most common words. If a soldier is not able to learn it, it’s not a problem, since they are all written in a phrase book that every person in the group has.

It is not possible to replace a real translator. One Soviet soldier who escaped from captivity in Afghanistan told how he was included in the reconnaissance company of the airborne brigade. Someone found out that he spoke one of the local dialects, and he was immediately sent to the commander. The officer asked him two traditional questions:

- Do you drink vodka? Do you like sports?

– Vodka – yes, sports – no.

He gave completely wrong answers. But in combat conditions, a person who speaks the enemy’s language is especially valuable. They took him in spite of everything, took care of him, since the life of the entire group depended on his ability to speak and understand what the enemy was saying. And the lives of thousands of soldiers depend on how these groups complete their tasks. The only disadvantage of being a translator is that he is never forgiven for making a mistake. But this shortcoming is the same both for himself and for everyone in this unit.